1-1-1 Spelling Rules: -ck
Another 1-1-1 spelling rule is the -ck spelling rule. When should a student use -ck at the end of a word versus c or k when spelling the /k/ sound? If a word is one syllable, one short vowel, with
1-1-1 Spelling Rules: “Sammy” -ss, -ll, -ff, -zz
The S-L-F-Z Doubling Rule which sometimes is referred to as the 1-1-1 Rule or Sammy rule, helps students determine when to double the final consonant in a word. Whether you are using Zoe Loves Fried Spaghetti or Sammy Loves Friendly
-ng/-nk endings
Teaching phonics and writing within the same lesson is a powerful way to reinforce student learning. When teaching the -ng and -nk ending as vowel units, students identify how the vowel sounds change (become nasalized) in words such as thank
Suffix -ed
When teaching suffix -ed, it’s important to have students understand why -ed makes 3 different sounds. Here are some reminders: -ed says /id/ when the base word ends with /d/ or /t/ (hunted or jaded) -ed says /d/ when the
Blends
Beginning r and l blends can be the most difficult sounds to produce in our language. Here are some tips to remember when working with r and l blends: Remember that blends still make 2 or 3 sounds. Fingertaps do
More Comprehension Activities
Remember, in Gough and Tunmer’s Simple View of Reading, reading comprehension is the product of word recognition and language comprehension. The focus on struggling and emergent readers should be on those two factors. Comprehension can be worked on when teachers
Miscomprehension
As a child grows, two important skills developing are listening and reading comprehension are two important skills. Listening comprehension (understanding spoken words) happens early in life and should be nurtured in early elementary. This is distinct and separate from reading
Reciprocal Teaching: Summarizing
The last component to Reciprocal Teaching is Summarizing. A summary retells the main ideas of the story in a shorter version. Often, students want to retell every detail of a story instead of summarizing the story with a few sentences.
Reciprocal Teaching: Questioning
The third component of Reciprocal Teaching is questioning. Lori Oczkus (Reciprocal Teaching at Work) created a character named Quincy the Questioner to represent this component. Quincy holds a microphone and asks many questions. He is a reporter and wants to
Reciprocal Teaching: Clarifying
Another key component to Reciprocal Teaching is clarifying. Lori Oczkus (Reciprocal Teaching at Work) created a character named “Clara the Clarifier”. Clara points to words or phrases that she doesn’t understand. This is another multi-sensory, direct approach to teaching the
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